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The Challenge of microRNA as a Biomarker of Epilepsy
1Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
Background:
Epilepsy is one of chronic severe neurological disorders possess to recurring seizures. And now anti-epileptic drugs are only effective in less than one third of epilepsy patients, and biomarkers predicting are not available when the specific antiepileptic drugs treated. Advanced studies have showed that miRNA may be a key in the pathogenesis of epilepsy beginning in the early 2000 years. Several target genes and pathways of miRNA which related to the therapeutic methods to epilepsy.
Method:
We searched PubMed from Jan 1,2000 to Jan 1, 2017, using the terms "epilepsy AND microRNA AND biomarker" and "seizure AND microRNA AND biomarker". We selected articles that featured novel miRNAs in vivo epilepsy models and patients. We then selected the most relevant articles based on a subjective appraisal of their quality and mechanistic insight that could be relevant to epilepsy.
Results:
Decrease the expression of has-miR134 could be a potential non-invasive biomarker to use in diagnosis for the epilepsy patients for using hsa-miR-134 also be identified to distinguish patients with and without epilepsy. miR-181a show significant downregulation in the acute stage, but up regulation in the chronic stage and in the latent stage there is no changing and how about this phenomenon appearance in different stage still should be discussed in the future. Besides that, miR- 146a can down-regulated in the patients using genome-wide for serum in circulating miRNAs.miR- 124, miR-199a, and miR-128 etc. could be a candidate for the biomarker in future. miR-15a-5p and -194-5p down-regulated in epilepsy patients, in the future, it may be used as a novel biomarker for improve diagnosis.
Conclusion:
These observations give a chance that new development for diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy patients. Advanced technique and miRNA combination may product more effective roles in epilepsy and other disease. These reports will be available to solve the application of miRNAs as biomarkers and novel therapy approaches for epilepsy. In summary, researcher who focus on miRNAs should be understanding of the causes, treatment, and diagnosis of epilepsy. exploration of any of these effects on the efficacy of these drugs is worthwhile.
Insights
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) show promise as biomarkers for epilepsy diagnosis and treatment. Specific miRNAs like has-miR-134 and miR-181a may help identify epilepsy patients and monitor disease stages.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Genetics
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
- Current anti-epileptic drugs are effective in less than one-third of patients.
- Biomarkers for predicting drug efficacy are lacking, highlighting the need for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential biomarkers in epilepsy.
- To identify specific miRNAs associated with epilepsy diagnosis and prognosis.
- To explore the therapeutic potential of miRNAs in epilepsy management.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed (2000-2017) using keywords: "epilepsy AND microRNA AND biomarker" and "seizure AND microRNA AND biomarker".
- Selection of relevant articles focusing on novel miRNAs in in vivo epilepsy models and human patients.
- Inclusion of studies with mechanistic insights relevant to epilepsy pathogenesis and treatment.
Main Results:
- Decreased expression of has-miR-134 is a potential non-invasive biomarker for epilepsy diagnosis.
- miR-181a exhibits stage-specific expression changes (downregulation in acute, upregulation in chronic stages).
- Other candidate biomarkers include miR-146a, miR-124, miR-199a, miR-128, miR-15a-5p, and miR-194-5p.
Conclusions:
- miRNAs offer new avenues for epilepsy diagnosis and treatment development.
- Combined miRNA approaches may enhance diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic efficacy.
- Further research into miRNA mechanisms is crucial for understanding epilepsy causes, treatment, and diagnosis.
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