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Lift01:23

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Lift is a fundamental aerodynamic force that acts perpendicular to the direction of airflow. It plays a central role in achieving and sustaining flight and in stabilizing various vehicles. Lift primarily originates from pressure differences created across surfaces, such as an airfoil. A lower pressure region forms above the wing, while a higher pressure region forms below it, generating an upward force. This differential results from the shape and orientation of the airfoil, enabling the wing...
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General External Flow Characteristics01:26

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The study of external flow is essential for creating structures and objects that interact efficiently and safely with moving fluids, such as air or water. When a body is immersed in a flowing fluid, it experiences two primary forces: drag, which opposes motion along the flow direction, and lift, which acts perpendicular to the flow. The shape, size, and orientation of the object influence these forces.Streamlined and Blunt Bodies in External FlowObjects in fluid flow are classified as...
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Dynamics Of Circular Motion: Applications01:17

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Suppose a car moves on flat ground and turns to the left. The centripetal force causing the car to turn in a circular path is due to friction between the tires and the road. For this, a minimum coefficient of friction is needed, or the car will move in a larger-radius curve and leave the roadway. Let's now consider banked curves, where the slope of the road helps in negotiating the curve. The greater the angle of the curve, the faster one can take the curve. It is common for race tracks for...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Engineered Vascularized Muscle Flap
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Flap Basics II: Advancement Flaps.

Matthew Shew1, John David Kriet1, Clinton D Humphrey1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, MS 3010, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.

Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America
|July 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mastering advancement flaps, including unipedicle, bipedicle, V-to-Y, and Y-to-V types, is crucial for surgeons. Proper design and execution prevent facial distortion by considering flap movement.

Keywords:
Advancement flapBipedicleCervicofacial advancement flapH-plastyT-plastyUnipedicle

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Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Reconstructive Surgery

Background:

  • Advancement flaps are versatile surgical techniques for defect closure.
  • Understanding flap subtypes and their characteristics is essential for successful reconstruction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of advancement flap design, selection, and execution.
  • To provide guidance on utilizing various advancement flap subtypes for reconstructive challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Discusses the principles of advancement flap design, emphasizing linear vector closure.
  • Categorizes advancement flaps into unipedicle, bipedicle, V-to-Y, and Y-to-V types.
  • Explains the need to consider primary and secondary movements during flap planning.

Main Results:

  • Successful application of advancement flaps resolves reconstructive dilemmas.
  • Each flap subtype (unipedicle, bipedicle, V-to-Y, Y-to-V) presents unique benefits and drawbacks.
  • Careful planning prevents undesirable distortion of facial structures.

Conclusions:

  • Proficiency in advancement flap techniques empowers surgeons to address complex reconstructive issues.
  • Strategic design and execution, considering flap dynamics, are key to optimal outcomes in facial reconstruction.