Chronic effects of alcohol on the epithelium of the small intestine using two experimental models

The effects of chronic alcohol ingestion on the rat small intestinal epithelium have been measured using two different experimental models, viz. either a solid diet plus alcohol or a liquid diet plus alcohol. All experimental animals consumed adequate quantities of food and exhibited a normal growth rate; thus the recorded effects were unlikely to be associated with malnutrition. After a period of 24 days, there were significant decreases in the jejunal villus cell population in both groups of experimental animals and corresponding increases in the crypt cell populations; no such changes were found in the ileum. Alcohol had no significant effect on the crypt cell production rate and the growth fraction at either of these two sites in the intestine, and thus the major effect of alcohol was to cause a lengthening of the cell cycle time in the jejunal crypts.