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Actinomycotic infections of the central nervous system. Two case reports
Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica. Section B, Microbiology
|October 1, 1985
Abstract:
Two cases of CNS infections caused by Actinomyces israelii one a fatal case of brain abscess and the other a case of subdural empyema with complete recovery, are reported. One of the patients suffered from a congenital ventricular septal defect, and in both patients a pulmonary focus was found. When slow-growing bacteria such as Actinomyces may be suspected, it is important to cultivate anaerobically for at least five days.
Insights
Actinomyces israelii can cause serious central nervous system infections, including brain abscess and subdural empyema. Prompt anaerobic cultivation for at least five days is crucial for diagnosing these slow-growing bacterial infections.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Central nervous system (CNS) infections pose significant diagnostic challenges, particularly those caused by slow-growing microorganisms.
- Actinomyces israelii, a bacterium known for its slow growth, can lead to severe neurological complications.
Observation:
- Two distinct cases of CNS infections attributed to Actinomyces israelii are presented.
- One case involved a fatal brain abscess, while the other presented as a subdural empyema with a successful recovery.
- Both patients had a history of pulmonary involvement, and one had a congenital ventricular septal defect.
Findings:
- The study highlights the diverse clinical manifestations of Actinomyces israelii CNS infections.
- Successful treatment of subdural empyema was achieved, contrasting with the fatal outcome of the brain abscess.
- The presence of a pulmonary focus was noted in both cases, suggesting a potential route of infection.
Implications:
- Early and accurate diagnosis of Actinomyces israelii infections is critical for effective management.
- Anaerobic cultivation for a minimum of five days is essential when suspecting infections by slow-growing bacteria like Actinomyces.
- These findings underscore the importance of considering Actinomyces in the differential diagnosis of CNS infections, especially in patients with predisposing factors.
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