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Epigenetics in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Suzanne McPherson1, Mary Frances McMullin2, Ken Mills1

  • 1Blood Cancer Research Group, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK.

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
|July 6, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) involve complex genetic dysregulation, including epigenetic mechanisms. Understanding mutation profiles may improve risk stratification and guide the development of novel epigenetic therapies combined with JAK inhibitors.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are complex blood cancers.
  • The JAK2 V617F mutation is a key discovery, but MPNs involve multiple genetic factors.
  • Epigenetic mechanisms, like DNA methylation, play a crucial role in gene expression regulation within MPNs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of genetic dysregulation in MPNs.
  • To highlight the role of epigenetic modifications in MPN pathogenesis.
  • To explore the potential of combining epigenetic therapies with JAK inhibitors for improved treatment outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of MPN-associated mutations.
  • Analysis of epigenetic mechanisms, focusing on DNA methylation.
  • Discussion of current and future therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • MPNs result from combined genetic dysregulation involving numerous mutated genes.
  • Key mutated genes include JAK2, MPL, TET2, ASXL1, IDH1/2, EZH2, and others.
  • Epigenetic modifications are crucial, reversible regulators of gene expression in MPNs.

Conclusions:

  • Enhanced knowledge of MPN mutation profiles can aid in patient risk stratification and clinical decision-making.
  • Epigenetic therapies represent a promising avenue for novel treatment strategies.
  • Combination therapy with epigenetic agents and JAK inhibitors may offer superior efficacy compared to single-agent treatments.
Keywords:
DNA methylationcell signallingcombination epigenetic therapyepigeneticshistone modificationjanus kinasemiRNA regulationmyeloproliferative neoplasm

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