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Nutritional biomarkers: Current view and future perspectives.

Shubhra Pande1,2, Valentina A Kratasyuk1,3, Nadezhda N Medvedeva2

  • 1a Laboratory of Bioluminescent Biotechnologies, Department of Biophysics , Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University , Krasnoyarsk , Russia.

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sirtuins, a promising nutritional biomarker, are proteins that regulate metabolism and cellular health. Their activation by certain foods offers health benefits and indicates nutritional status and disease progression.

Keywords:
NAD+Sirtuinsbiomarkercalorie restrictionlongitivityproteomics

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional biochemistry
  • Molecular biology
  • Biomarker discovery

Background:

  • Traditional nutritional biomarkers have limitations in sensitivity and specificity.
  • Proteomics offers a molecular approach to understand nutrient impact and develop new biomarkers.
  • Sirtuins are a class of proteins with enzymatic activity crucial for metabolic regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the molecular impact of nutrients using proteomics.
  • To investigate sirtuins as sensitive nutritional biomarkers.
  • To understand the role of sirtuins in metabolic processes and health.

Main Methods:

  • Proteomic analysis to identify and quantify sirtuin levels.
  • Investigating sirtuin activity in response to nutrient availability and metabolic state.
  • Reviewing literature on sirtuin function, regulation, and association with diseases.

Main Results:

  • Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent enzymes involved in diverse cellular functions, including metabolism, DNA repair, and cell survival.
  • Calorie restriction upregulates sirtuin levels, impacting gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, and insulin sensitivity.
  • Sirtuin activation promotes fat loss, enhances cellular longevity, and is linked to various health benefits and disease states.

Conclusions:

  • Sirtuins are promising biomarkers for nutritional status and disease progression.
  • Activation of sirtuins through diet can lead to significant health improvements.
  • Further research into sirtuin pathways can inform nutritional strategies and therapeutic interventions.