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Is the panoramic mandibular index useful for bone quality evaluation?

Ah-Young Kwon1, Kyung-Hoe Huh1, Won-Jin Yi1

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

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|July 7, 2017
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Summary

The panoramic mandibular index (PMI) has limited use for bone mineral density assessment. However, mandibular cortical width (MCW), a PMI parameter, shows significant correlation with age and fewer measurement drawbacks.

Keywords:
Bone densityMandiblePanoramicRadiography

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Area of Science:

  • Dental radiology
  • Osteoporosis research

Background:

  • Assessing bone mineral density (BMD) is crucial for diagnosing osteoporosis.
  • Radiographic indices offer a potential non-invasive method for BMD estimation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of the panoramic mandibular index (PMI) for assessing bone mineral density.
  • To investigate correlations between PMI parameters and patient age.

Main Methods:

  • Four observers measured PMI on 300 panoramic radiographs across various age groups (40-89 years).
  • Measurements were performed using Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) images.
  • Reliability analysis and correlation assessments between PMI parameters and age were conducted.

Main Results:

  • 23 out of 600 measurements were unmeasurable due to factors like postoperative state or lesions.
  • Intraobserver reproducibility for measurable data ranged from 0.611 to 0.752.
  • Mandibular cortical width (MCW) demonstrated a significant decrease with increasing patient age.

Conclusions:

  • PMI has limited applicability, especially when the mental foramen margin is unclear.
  • MCW, a component of PMI, is a more reliable parameter for BMD assessment and correlates significantly with age.