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Sinus floor elevation using implants coated with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2: micro-computed
Daniel S Thoma1, So-Ra Yoon2, Jae-Kook Cha2
1Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Clinical Oral Investigations
|July 7, 2017
Summary
Recombinant morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2)-coated implants showed enhanced bone formation in graft-free sinus floor elevation (SFE) procedures at 4 weeks. While early results were promising, long-term benefits require further clinical validation.
Area of Science:
- Dental implantology
- Bone regeneration
- Biomaterials
Background:
- Sinus floor elevation (SFE) is a common procedure to augment bone height for dental implants.
- Graft-free SFE aims to simplify the procedure by utilizing the body's own healing potential.
- The use of osteogenic factors like recombinant morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) may enhance bone regeneration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of rhBMP-2-coated implants in a graft-free sinus floor elevation (SFE) procedure.
- To compare bone formation around rhBMP-2-coated implants versus uncoated implants.
- To assess the validity of graft-free SFE with rhBMP-2-coated implants.
Main Methods:
- A study was conducted on 10 rabbits undergoing bilateral SFE.
- Dental implants, either coated with rhBMP-2 or uncoated (control), were placed in a blood clot within the sinus.
- Micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric analyses were performed at 4 and 8 weeks to measure newly formed bone height (NBHm).
Main Results:
- At 4 weeks, significant bone formation was observed along the rhBMP-2-coated implant surfaces up to the apex, unlike in the control group.
- Newly formed bone height (NBHm) was 5.1 mm for rhBMP-2-coated implants versus 3.4 mm for control implants at 4 weeks.
- NBHm decreased to 3.4 mm at 8 weeks for rhBMP-2-coated implants, while it slightly increased to 4.4 mm for control implants, with no statistically significant difference (p=0.1250, p=0.6250).
Conclusions:
- rhBMP-2-coated implants demonstrated a strong osteogenic response and superior bone formation at 4 weeks in graft-free SFE.
- While initial bone formation was enhanced, remodeling between 4 and 8 weeks did not further improve outcomes for rhBMP-2-coated implants.
- rhBMP-2-coated implants may offer early stability advantages in graft-free SFE, but clinical benefits need further investigation.
