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Chronic periodontitis is associated with platelet factor 4 (PF4) secretion: A pilot study
Mathieu Brousseau-Nault1,2, Jayachandran N Kizhakkedathu2,3,4, Hugh Kim1,2,5
1Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Journal of Clinical Periodontology
|July 7, 2017
Summary
Periodontitis involves increased platelet activation and platelet factor 4 (PF4) release in the gums and blood. This study found higher platelet counts and PF4 levels in patients with periodontitis compared to healthy individuals.
Area of Science:
- Oral immunology
- Hematology
- Inflammation research
Background:
- Platelets are implicated in chronic inflammation.
- The specific role of platelets in periodontitis pathogenesis remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and compare platelet recruitment and activation in healthy, gingivitis, and periodontitis conditions.
- To assess local and systemic markers of platelet activation in periodontitis.
Main Methods:
- Collected gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and blood samples from individuals with healthy periodontium, gingivitis, and periodontitis.
- Quantified platelets and measured concentrations of Platelet Factor 4 (PF4) and Glycoprotein IIbIIIa (GPIIbIIIa) in GCF.
- Stimulated isolated platelets with Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to assess PF4 release.
Main Results:
- Platelet counts and GPIIbIIIa levels were elevated in GCF from gingivitis and periodontitis sites.
- PF4 concentration was increased in periodontal pockets but not in gingivitis or healthy sites.
- Systemic PF4 levels and LPS-induced PF4 release from platelets were significantly higher in severe periodontitis patients.
Conclusions:
- Periodontitis is characterized by heightened platelet activation.
- Increased PF4 release occurs both locally within periodontal tissues and systemically in periodontitis patients.
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