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Affect and Cognitive Performance in High School Wrestlers Undergoing Rapid Weight Loss
Daniel M Landers1, Shawn M Arent1, Rafer S Lutz1
11 Arizona State University.
Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology
|July 7, 2017
Summary
High school wrestlers undergoing rapid weight loss (RWL) experience negative affective changes but no cognitive impairments. This study highlights the emotional toll of significant weight reduction in athletes.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Exercise Physiology
- Sports Psychology
Background:
- Rapid weight loss (RWL) in college wrestlers is linked to affective changes and memory impairment.
- Understanding the impact of RWL on adolescent athletes is crucial for their well-being and performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of RWL on cognitive function and affective state in high school wrestlers.
- To compare wrestlers losing significant weight (>5% body weight) with those maintaining weight (<1% body weight).
Main Methods:
- Assessed cognitive performance using Trail Making Tests A & B, Stroop test, digit span, and reaction time.
- Measured affective state with the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS).
- Evaluated two groups: RWL (n=14) and maintainers/control (n=14) at two time points.
Main Results:
- The RWL group lost an average of 4.68 kg, while the control group lost 0.29 kg.
- A significant decrease in positive affect was observed in the RWL group before weigh-in (p < .014).
- No significant differences in cognitive performance were found between the RWL and control groups (p > .10).
Conclusions:
- RWL of at least 5% body weight in high school wrestlers is associated with affective disturbances.
- Cognitive functions do not appear to be impaired by RWL in this population.
- Findings suggest a need for strategies to mitigate negative emotional effects of weight cutting in adolescent athletes.
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