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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents

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Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
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Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies

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Treatment strategies for poisoning are a critical aspect of emergency medicine, focusing on preventing the absorption of toxins and enhancing their elimination. When a poisoning incident occurs, the first response is to halt exposure and decontaminate the patient, particularly through gastrointestinal (GI) methods if the poison was ingested.Gastrointestinal Decontamination Techniques:Activated charcoal is the cornerstone of GI decontamination. It works through adsorption, binding the toxin to...
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Dysrhythmias VI: Management of Dysrhythmias01:25

Dysrhythmias VI: Management of Dysrhythmias

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Dysrhythmia management involves a multifaceted approach, incorporating pharmacological treatments, medical procedures, surgical interventions, lifestyle modifications, and patient education.Pharmacological ManagementAntiarrhythmic Drugs:Class I (Sodium Channel Blockers): This class includes quinidine and procainamide, which reduce the speed of impulse conduction in the heart, stabilize the cardiac membrane, and control arrhythmias. Quinidine and procainamide are Class IA agents that prolong the...
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Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment01:26

Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment

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Anticholinesterases, also known as cholinesterase inhibitors, work by blocking the breakdown of acetylcholine, leading to its accumulation in the synaptic cleft. This accumulation indirectly enhances both muscarinic and nicotinic actions. These agents are classified as reversible or irreversible based on their mechanism of action.     
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is...
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Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class I Agents as Sodium Channel Blockers01:22

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class I Agents as Sodium Channel Blockers

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Class I antiarrhythmic drugs are used to treat various types of arrhythmias or irregular heart rhythms. These drugs block the sodium (Na+) channels in the cardiac cells, thereby affecting the movement of electrical impulses across the heart. Class I antiarrhythmic drugs are divided into three subgroups: Class IA, Class IB, and Class IC, each with distinct mechanisms of action and effects on the heart.
Class 1A Antiarrhythmic Drugs: These drugs work by moderately blocking sodium channels,...
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Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class III Agents as Potassium Channel Blockers01:12

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class III Agents as Potassium Channel Blockers

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Class III antiarrhythmic drugs are a group of medications that can prolong action potentials in the heart. They achieve this by blocking potassium channels or enhancing inward currents from sodium channels. However, these drugs have a unique property of "reverse use-dependence," which is most pronounced at slower heart rates and can lead to torsades de pointes—a specific type of arrhythmia. However, it is essential to note that excessive QT interval prolongation—a measure of...
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Related Experiment Video

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Testing the Efficacy of Pharmacological Agents in a Pericardial Target Delivery Model in the Swine
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[Digoxin poisoning: new prospects for therapy].

Alfonsina Marino1, Lorenzo Giordano1, Francesco Ardu1

  • 1U.O. Nefrologia e Dialisi Ospedale San Remo, Imperia, Italia.

Giornale Italiano Di Nefrologia : Organo Ufficiale Della Societa Italiana Di Nefrologia
|July 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

A Food and Drug Administration-approved hemodialysis filter effectively removed beta-2 microglobulin. This filter also demonstrated efficacy in removing digitalis during intoxication when used off-label.

Keywords:
Digoxin poisoningfilter Lixelle S-35hemodialysis

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Beta-2 microglobulin is removed during hemodialysis using specific filters.
  • Digitalis intoxication is a serious condition requiring effective treatment.

Observation:

  • A Food and Drug Administration-approved filter for beta-2 microglobulin removal was utilized off-label.
  • Patient consent was obtained for the off-label use of the filter.

Findings:

  • The filter demonstrated significant efficacy in removing digitalis from the blood.
  • The filter's capacity for drug removal extends beyond its approved indication.

Implications:

  • This finding suggests a potential new therapeutic application for existing hemodialysis filters.
  • Further research may explore the use of these filters for other drug intoxications.
  • This could offer a novel approach to managing severe digitalis toxicity.