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[Therapeutic Options in Keratoconus].

Frederik Raiskup1, Janine Lenk1, Robert Herber1

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Summary

Keratoconus is more common than previously thought, impacting healthcare systems. Chronic eye rubbing is a key modifiable risk factor, highlighting the need for patient education and behavioral therapies to manage this condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Keratoconus prevalence is higher than previously estimated, impacting healthcare systems.
  • Chronic eye rubbing is a significant modifiable risk factor for keratoconus development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of keratoconus epidemiology and management.
  • To highlight the importance of modifiable risk factors and evolving therapeutic options.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent epidemiological studies on keratoconus prevalence.
  • Analysis of current and emerging therapeutic strategies for keratoconus.
  • Evaluation of the impact of corneal crosslinking (CXL) and combined treatments.

Main Results:

  • Keratoconus is not an orphan disease due to its prevalence and socioeconomic impact.
  • Corneal crosslinking (CXL) has reduced the need for corneal transplants.
  • Combination therapies like photorefractive keratectomy with CXL show promising refractive outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Patient education and behavioral modification for eye rubbing are crucial.
  • Corneal crosslinking (CXL) is effective for progressive keratoconus.
  • Surgical options are advancing, with lamellar procedures gaining importance over penetrating keratoplasty for certain cases.