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Microplastics effects in Scrobicularia plana.

Francisca Ribeiro1, Ana R Garcia2, Beatriz P Pereira1

  • 1CIMA, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8000-139 Faro, Portugal.

Marine Pollution Bulletin
|July 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Polystyrene microplastics accumulate in clam tissues, causing significant harm. These plastic particles persist even after a depuration period, indicating a substantial environmental risk.

Keywords:
BiomarkersBivalvesEcotoxicologyGenotoxicityNeurotoxicityOxidative stressPeppery furrow shell

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental toxicology
  • Marine biology
  • Polymer science

Background:

  • Polystyrene (PS) microplastics are prevalent pollutants in marine ecosystems.
  • Marine organisms, including bivalves, are susceptible to microplastic ingestion and associated toxic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the bioaccumulation and toxicological impact of polystyrene microplastics on the clam Scrobicularia plana.
  • To assess the persistence of microplastics in clam tissues after a depuration period.

Main Methods:

  • Exposure of S. plana to 1mgL-1 (20μm) polystyrene microplastics for 14 days.
  • Qualitative analysis using infrared spectroscopy to detect microplastics in tissues.
  • Assessment of microplastic effects using a battery of biomarkers including antioxidant capacity, DNA damage, and neurotoxicity assays.

Main Results:

  • Polystyrene microplastics were detected in clam tissues post-exposure and were not eliminated during the 7-day depuration period.
  • Microplastic exposure induced significant alterations in antioxidant capacity, increased DNA damage, and caused neurotoxic effects.
  • Oxidative damage was observed in the tissues of exposed clams.

Conclusions:

  • Scrobicularia plana accumulates polystyrene microplastics, demonstrating their persistence within organismal tissues.
  • Polystyrene microplastics pose a considerable environmental risk to marine invertebrates, impacting crucial physiological functions.