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Related Concept Videos

Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways01:41

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Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
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The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which...
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Related Experiment Video

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Building Finite Element Models to Investigate Zebrafish Jaw Biomechanics
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Wnt signalling controls the response to mechanical loading during zebrafish joint development.

Lucy H Brunt1, Katie Begg1, Erika Kague1

  • 1Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.

Development (Cambridge, England)
|July 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Mechanical forces guide joint development by controlling cell behavior. This study reveals Wnt signaling as a key pathway, essential for proper joint formation and maturation in zebrafish.

Keywords:
CartilageJointMechanicsMorphogenesisWntZebrafish

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Biomechanics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Mechanical forces are crucial for joint development.
  • Previous studies lacked in vivo dynamic imaging of joint development in various species.
  • Cellular processes like proliferation and orientation are known to influence joint shape.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To dynamically track cell behaviors in intact, moving joints in vivo.
  • To identify the mechanisms by which mechanical forces regulate joint morphogenesis.
  • To investigate the role of Wnt signaling in transducing mechanical cues during joint development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized genetic labeling techniques in zebrafish for dynamic in vivo imaging.
  • Performed comparative analysis with skeletal strain maps.
  • Employed pharmacological manipulation of canonical Wnt signaling.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that cell proliferation and migration during joint morphogenesis are mechanically controlled.
  • Identified canonical Wnt signaling as a mediator of mechanical forces in joint development.
  • Showed that Wnt signaling is reduced in response to loss of muscle activity and is required for joint patterning and chondrocyte maturation.

Conclusions:

  • Mechanical activity is essential for regulating cell behaviors, including proliferation and migration, during joint morphogenesis.
  • Canonical Wnt signaling acts downstream of mechanical forces to control joint development.
  • Wnt16 specifically influences proliferation and migration, but not chondrocyte intercalation.