Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

1.7K
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
1.7K
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

32.7K
Overview
32.7K
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

76
Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
76
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

64
Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
64
Cross-reactivity00:42

Cross-reactivity

33.3K
Overview
33.3K
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

1.5K
Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
1.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Metaceramic enables ultrahigh-temperature record rectification and programmable 3D thermal control.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Environmental pollutant BDE-47 alters glycan and microRNA signatures of macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles and modulates senescence signaling.

Cell communication and signaling : CCS·2026
Same author

Exploring the Impact of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) on the Development of MASLD: A Comprehensive Review.

Cells·2026
Same author

Increased Incidence of De Novo Malignancies Compared With Malignancy Recurrences in Survivors of Cancer Undergoing Heart Transplantation.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same author

Heart Transplantation and Cancer Risk in a BRCA1 Breast Cancer Survivor.

JACC. Case reports·2026
Same author

A BDE-47/estrone mixture modulates macrophage immune responses and miRNA networks, impairs intestinal barrier integrity in vitro, and alters circulating miRNAs and tight junction expression in vivo.

Ecotoxicology and environmental safety·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Antigenic Liposomes for Generation of Disease-specific Antibodies
10:31

Antigenic Liposomes for Generation of Disease-specific Antibodies

Published on: October 25, 2018

12.9K

Nanoparticle-allergen complexes for allergen immunotherapy.

Gabriella Di Felice1, Paolo Colombo2

  • 1National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome.

International Journal of Nanomedicine
|July 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nanoparticle-based allergen immunotherapy offers a promising approach to allergy treatment, potentially improving safety, efficacy, and patient compliance. This strategy aims to develop advanced allergy vaccines with enhanced stability and targeted delivery.

Keywords:
allergensallergyimmune modulationimmunotherapyimmunotoxicitynanocarriers

More Related Videos

Whole-animal Imaging and Flow Cytometric Techniques for Analysis of Antigen-specific CD8+ T Cell Responses after Nanoparticle Vaccination
11:07

Whole-animal Imaging and Flow Cytometric Techniques for Analysis of Antigen-specific CD8+ T Cell Responses after Nanoparticle Vaccination

Published on: April 29, 2015

13.8K
Enrich and Expand Rare Antigen-specific T Cells with Magnetic Nanoparticles
09:28

Enrich and Expand Rare Antigen-specific T Cells with Magnetic Nanoparticles

Published on: November 17, 2018

12.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Antigenic Liposomes for Generation of Disease-specific Antibodies
10:31

Antigenic Liposomes for Generation of Disease-specific Antibodies

Published on: October 25, 2018

12.9K
Whole-animal Imaging and Flow Cytometric Techniques for Analysis of Antigen-specific CD8+ T Cell Responses after Nanoparticle Vaccination
11:07

Whole-animal Imaging and Flow Cytometric Techniques for Analysis of Antigen-specific CD8+ T Cell Responses after Nanoparticle Vaccination

Published on: April 29, 2015

13.8K
Enrich and Expand Rare Antigen-specific T Cells with Magnetic Nanoparticles
09:28

Enrich and Expand Rare Antigen-specific T Cells with Magnetic Nanoparticles

Published on: November 17, 2018

12.1K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Allergy Research

Background:

  • Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) has been used for over a century as a curative treatment for allergic disorders.
  • Current AIT faces challenges in safety, efficacy, patient compliance, and cost, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Nanoparticle-based formulations are being explored to improve allergen delivery, stability, and targeting in immunotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review regulatory aspects and challenges of nanoparticle-based immunomodulatory formulations for allergy.
  • To examine the immunosafety profiles and nanoparticle types used in allergy research.
  • To discuss the potential of allergen/nanoparticle systems in developing novel allergy vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on nanoparticle-based allergen immunotherapy.
  • Analysis of in vitro and in vivo data for allergen/nanoparticle systems.
  • Discussion of immunological mechanisms, safety, and efficacy of these novel formulations.

Main Results:

  • Nanoparticle formulations demonstrate potential for improved stability, bioavailability, and targeted delivery of allergens.
  • Allergen/nanoparticle systems show promise in modulating the immune system, reducing side effects, and enhancing therapeutic outcomes.
  • In vitro and in vivo studies indicate significant immunomodulatory activity and reduced adverse reactions.

Conclusions:

  • Nanoparticle-based strategies represent a novel and promising avenue for developing advanced allergy vaccines.
  • These formulations can potentially overcome limitations of traditional immunotherapy, improving treatment efficacy and patient experience.
  • Further research into regulatory and safety aspects is crucial for clinical translation.