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Rapid Nanoprobe Signal Enhancement by In Situ Gold Nanoparticle Synthesis
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Gold Nanoparticle-Based Fluorescent Contrast Agent with Enhanced Sensitivity.

Kyung Aih Kang1, Mai-Dung Nguyen2

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA. kyung.kang@louisville.edu.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|July 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study developed dual-modality gold nanoparticle (GNP) contrast agents for cancer detection. The agents target nucleolin and matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP-14), enhancing fluorescence and X-ray/CT imaging for improved cancer visualization.

Keywords:
Breast Cancer DetectionCypate, MMP-14Fluorescence EnhancementGold NanoparticlesMDA-MB 231

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Cancer Imaging

Background:

  • Nucleolin and matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP-14) are cell membrane cancer markers.
  • Aptamer AS1411 targets nucleolin and has therapeutic potential.
  • Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) offer dual-modality imaging capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a dual-modality contrast agent for optical and X-ray/CT cancer imaging.
  • To utilize GNPs' properties for enhanced fluorescence and X-ray/CT contrast.
  • To target cancer cells expressing nucleolin and MMP-14.

Main Methods:

  • Conjugating a near-infrared (NIR) fluorophore, Cypate, to GNPs at a specific distance.
  • Attaching the AS1411 aptamer to GNPs for nucleolin targeting.
  • Evaluating GNP sizes (5-30 nm) for optimal X-ray/CT enhancement.

Main Results:

  • Conjugating Cypate to GNPs enhanced fluorescence up to two times.
  • Successful conjugation of AS1411 aptamer to GNPs was confirmed.
  • 10 nm GNPs demonstrated the highest X-ray/CT enhancement among tested sizes.

Conclusions:

  • Developed a dual-modality contrast agent using GNPs, AS1411, and Cypate.
  • The agent shows potential for sensitive and specific cancer detection via optical and X-ray/CT imaging.
  • Optimized GNP size (10 nm) and conjugation strategies are crucial for effective dual-modality imaging.