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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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Wavelength Selection Method Based on Differential Evolution for Precise Quantitative Analysis Using Terahertz

Zhi Li1,2, Weidong Chen3, Feiyu Lian1,2

  • 11 College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China.

Applied Spectroscopy
|July 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new wavelength selection method using differential evolution (DE) for accurate quantitative analysis with terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). The novel approach significantly improves accuracy for component mixtures, achieving error rates below 5%.

Keywords:
THz-TDSTerahertz time-domain spectroscopydifferential evolutionquantitative analysiswavelength selection

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Area of Science:

  • Spectroscopy
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Quantitative analysis of component mixtures is a key application of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS).
  • Accurate THz-TDS analysis relies heavily on effective wavelength selection from sample absorption spectra.
  • Raw spectral data often contains noise and scattering, compromising quantitative precision.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a novel wavelength selection method for enhancing quantitative accuracy in THz-TDS.
  • To address the challenge of isolating sample signals from noise and scattering in spectral data.
  • To demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method in analyzing complex mixtures.

Main Methods:

  • Development and application of a differential evolution (DE) based wavelength selection algorithm.
  • Utilizing THz-TDS for spectral acquisition of binary amino acid mixtures.
  • Performing quantitative experiments to validate the DE method's performance.

Main Results:

  • The DE-based wavelength selection method effectively isolates sample signals while minimizing noise.
  • Quantitative experiments on binary amino acid mixtures demonstrated the method's high accuracy.
  • The proposed method achieved a low error rate of below 5% in quantitative analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The differential evolution-based wavelength selection is a highly effective technique for precise quantitative analysis using THz-TDS.
  • This method offers a significant improvement for analyzing component mixtures, particularly in the presence of spectral noise.
  • The findings pave the way for more reliable and accurate applications of THz-TDS in various scientific fields.