The Panomics Approach in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Genetics
• Pathology

Background:

• Molecular genetic technologies and omics have advanced disorder diagnostics and understanding of complex diseases.
• Genome-wide association studies often fail to fully explain the genetic basis of complex disorders, despite strong heritability.
• Traditional neurodegenerative disorder classification relied on clinical and morphological signs.

Purpose of the Study:

• Discuss the evolving concept of neurodegenerative disorders.
• Highlight the role of identifying signature lesions and common pathological pathways.
• Emphasize the contribution of new neuroimaging methods and genetics.

Main Methods:

• Review of molecular genetic technologies and omics data.
• Analysis of neuroimaging advancements for in vivo assessment.
• Examination of genetic mutation associations with neurodegenerative disorders.

Main Results:

• Neuroimaging visualizes in vivo amyloid deposits and neuroinflammation, enhancing understanding.
• Genetics offers precise insights but true associations are limited for many disorders.
• Most neurodegenerative disorders appear multifactorial, not linked to single genetic causes.

Conclusions:

• A shift towards a multidisciplinary approach is needed for neurodegenerative diseases.
• Integrating panomics findings will improve understanding and guide therapeutic research.
• Modern classification should move beyond symptomatology to encompass evolving scientific data.