Neuroprotective effect of Indian propolis in β-amyloid induced memory deficit: Impact on behavioral and biochemical
Sadhana Nanaware1, Madhuri Shelar1, Arulmozhi Sinnathambi2
1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune, 411038, India.
Abstract:
The study aimed at the investigation of neuroprotective activity of macerated ethanolic extract of Indian propolis (MEEP) against β-Amyloid 25-35 (Aβ25-35) induced memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease. MEEP was administrated orally to Wistar rats at doses of 100, 200 and 300mg/kg. Behavioral performances were evaluated using morris water maze and radial arm maze. At the end of behavioral study, the brains were removed and antioxidant parameters and brain monoamines were estimated. Further acetylcholinesterase (AchE) inhibition and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) were evaluated. In addition hematological parameters and histopathological tests were also carried out. In behavioral models, MEEP significantly (P<0.05) reversed the cognitive impairment of β amyloid-induced rats. The antioxidant potential was significantly increased (P<0.05) after administration of MEEP. Malondialdehyde levels were significantly (P<0.01) decreased in brain homogenate after treatment with MEEP extract as compared with diseased control group (group III). MEEP showed dose-dependent AChE inhibition and increased the levels of brain monoamines (P<0.05) as compared with group III. MEEP improved memory deficits by increasing BDNF in plasma (P<0.05). The study concludes that MEEP has anti-Alzheimer potential in rats through multiple mechanisms and further studies are ongoing for fractionation and biological screening.
Insights
Indian propolis extract (MEEP) shows significant neuroprotective effects against Alzheimer's disease models. This natural compound reverses memory impairment and enhances brain antioxidant activity in rats.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Pharmacology
- Natural Products Research
Background:
- Alzheimer's disease is characterized by progressive memory impairment.
- Beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptide aggregation is a key pathological hallmark.
- Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress contribute to neurodegeneration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the neuroprotective potential of macerated ethanolic extract of Indian propolis (MEEP).
- To evaluate MEEP's efficacy against β-Amyloid 25-35 (Aβ25-35) induced memory deficits in a rat model.
- To explore the underlying mechanisms of MEEP's action, including antioxidant and neurochemical effects.
Main Methods:
- Oral administration of MEEP (100, 200, 300 mg/kg) to Wistar rats.
- Behavioral assessments using Morris Water Maze and Radial Arm Maze.
- Biochemical analyses of brain antioxidant parameters, monoamines, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).
- Hematological and histopathological evaluations.
Main Results:
- MEEP significantly reversed cognitive deficits in Aβ25-35-induced rats (P<0.05).
- Antioxidant potential was significantly increased, and malondialdehyde levels decreased in brain homogenates (P<0.05, P<0.01).
- MEEP demonstrated dose-dependent AChE inhibition and increased brain monoamine levels (P<0.05).
- MEEP improved memory by increasing plasma BDNF levels (P<0.05).
Conclusions:
- MEEP exhibits significant anti-Alzheimer's potential in a rat model.
- The neuroprotective effects are mediated through multiple mechanisms, including antioxidant activity, AChE inhibition, and modulation of monoamines and BDNF.
- Further research into MEEP fractionation and biological screening is warranted.
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