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Shift within age-groups of mumps incidence, hospitalizations and severe complications in a highly vaccinated

Noemí López-Perea1, Josefa Masa-Calles1, María de Viarce Torres de Mier1

  • 1National Epidemiology Centre, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Av. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Centers for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER-Epidemiology and Public Health), Spain.

Vaccine
|July 9, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Despite high vaccination rates, mumps epidemics persist in Spain. The Jeryl-Lynn strain vaccine reduces severe illness, but waning immunity shifts cases to young adults.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Vaccinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mumps vaccination (Jeryl-Lynn strain) began in Spain in 1981, with a two-dose policy in 1995.
  • A less effective Rubini strain vaccine was used regionally from 1992-1999.
  • Epidemics continued despite high vaccination coverage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze mumps epidemic waves in Spain from 1998-2014.
  • To identify shifts in susceptible populations and disease severity.
  • To evaluate the long-term effectiveness of mumps vaccination.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization of three mumps epidemic waves (1998-2014).
  • Poisson regression analysis to identify changes in susceptible populations.
  • Analysis of incidence, hospitalization, and complication rates across age groups.

Main Results:

  • Mumps incidence increased, particularly among 15-34 year olds in later epidemic waves.
  • Hospitalization and complication rates decreased overall, but increased in the 25-34 age group.
  • Cohorts with lower vaccination coverage or Rubini-strain vaccination were most affected.

Conclusions:

  • Mumps vaccination, while not eliminating cases, reduces severe disease.
  • Waning vaccine immunity contributes to a demographic shift in mumps cases from children to young adults.
  • Targeted vaccination strategies may be needed for older age groups and those with suboptimal vaccine history.
Keywords:
Epidemiological surveillanceImmunization programsMumpsSevere complicationsSpainVaccination

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