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Chronic Implantation of Multiple Flexible Polymer Electrode Arrays
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High channel count single-unit recordings from nonhuman primate frontal cortex.

Andrew R Mitz1, Ramon Bartolo1, Richard C Saunders1

  • 1Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Journal of Neuroscience Methods
|July 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel method to implant 768 electrodes for simultaneous neural recording in nonhuman primates, enabling unprecedented insights into the central nervous system. This technique significantly advances high-channel count brain recordings.

Keywords:
High-density recordingLarge-scale recording

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Primate research
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Single unit recording in nonhuman primates is crucial for central nervous system research.
  • Simultaneous recording of large neuronal populations is necessary for advanced neuroscience questions.
  • Existing methods for high-density electrode implantation face practical challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe innovations for implanting and recording from 768 electrodes in the frontal cortex of Macaca mulatta.
  • To provide practical guidance for high-channel count neural recordings in nonhuman primates.
  • To overcome challenges associated with simultaneous large-scale neuronal recordings.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 8 arrays of 96 electrodes (768 electrodes total) implanted in the frontal cortex.
  • Developed an individualized 3D-printed connector mounting platform.
  • Sequenced assembly and surgical steps to minimize surgery time and protect electrical connections.

Main Results:

  • The described methodology is robust and successful on the first attempt.
  • Successfully isolated hundreds of high-quality neuronal units per session (averaging 535.7 and 806.9 in two animals) over one month.
  • The technique at least doubles the number of Blackrock arrays successfully implanted in a single animal compared to previous methods.

Conclusions:

  • Implantation of large numbers of electrodes opens new research avenues in neuroscience.
  • This novel amalgamation of pre-existing technologies enables high-channel count recording.
  • Further refinements hold potential for even greater electrode implantation capacity.