Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

224.3K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
224.3K
Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

6.9K
Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
6.9K
Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

6.0K
Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
6.0K
Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion03:48

Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion

31.6K
Although gaseous molecules travel at tremendous speeds (hundreds of meters per second), they collide with other gaseous molecules and travel in many different directions before reaching the desired target. At room temperature, a gaseous molecule will experience billions of collisions per second. The mean free path is the average distance a molecule travels between collisions. The mean free path increases with decreasing pressure; in general, the mean free path for a gaseous molecule will be...
31.6K
Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics01:17

Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics

1.5K
Passive diffusion is a critical process that allows small lipophilic drugs to cross the cell membrane along a concentration gradient. This mechanism's efficiency depends on four primary factors: the membrane's surface area, the drug's lipid-water partition coefficient, the concentration gradient, and the membrane's thickness.
When administered orally, drugs establish a substantial concentration gradient between the gastrointestinal (GI) lumen and the bloodstream, expediting...
1.5K
Polymers: Molecular Weight Distribution01:10

Polymers: Molecular Weight Distribution

5.0K
For any given polymer, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is higher than, if not equal to, the number average molecular weight (Mn). The only situation in which the weight average molecular weight and the number average molecular weight are equal is when a polymer consists only of chains with equal molecular weight. However, this never happens in a synthetic polymer, since it is difficult to control the polymerization process up to a molecular level with accuracy to a hundred percent.
5.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Self-Diffusion in Two-Dimensional Colloidal Systems: A Computer Simulation Study.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Serum Iodine Levels and 8-Year Survival in Patients After Kidney Cancer Diagnosis.

Cancers·2025
Same author

Liquid dynamics in a crowded environment: Bond percolation vs site percolation.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)·2025
Same author

Monte Carlo Simulations of Polymer Collapse in an Explicit Solvent of Varying Quality.

Polymers·2025
Same author

Simulation Studies of Dynamical Heterogeneity in a Dense Two-Dimensional Dimer-Solvent System with Obstacles.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

The Kinetics of Polymer Brush Growth in the Frame of the Reaction Diffusion Front Formalism.

Polymers·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
06:55

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Published on: September 26, 2016

8.5K

Diffusion of small particles in polymer films.

Piotr Polanowski1, Andrzej Sikorski2

  • 1Department of Molecular Physics, Technical University of Łódź, 90-924 Łódź, Poland.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|July 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Monte Carlo simulations reveal how small molecules move within frozen polymer chains. Findings clarify how polymer concentration and structure affect molecular mobility and diffusion, especially near the percolation threshold.

More Related Videos

Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform PolyN-isopropylacrylamide Microgels
11:34

Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform PolyN-isopropylacrylamide Microgels

Published on: September 8, 2016

10.8K
Procedure for the Transfer of Polymer Films Onto Porous Substrates with Minimized Defects
05:02

Procedure for the Transfer of Polymer Films Onto Porous Substrates with Minimized Defects

Published on: June 22, 2019

7.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
06:55

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Published on: September 26, 2016

8.5K
Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform PolyN-isopropylacrylamide Microgels
11:34

Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform PolyN-isopropylacrylamide Microgels

Published on: September 8, 2016

10.8K
Procedure for the Transfer of Polymer Films Onto Porous Substrates with Minimized Defects
05:02

Procedure for the Transfer of Polymer Films Onto Porous Substrates with Minimized Defects

Published on: June 22, 2019

7.2K

Area of Science:

  • Polymer Physics
  • Computational Materials Science

Background:

  • Understanding molecular motion in polymer matrices is crucial for material design.
  • Frozen polymer chains create complex environments affecting small molecule dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the motion of small probe molecules in a 2D polymer system.
  • To determine the impact of polymer concentration, chain length, and matrix structure on molecular transport.

Main Methods:

  • Monte Carlo simulations utilizing cooperative motion and dynamic lattice liquid algorithms.
  • Modeling coarse-grained macromolecules on a triangular lattice with varying polymer concentrations.

Main Results:

  • Characterized polymer film structure, particularly near the percolation threshold.
  • Analyzed short- and long-time dynamics of small molecules, identifying conditions for anomalous diffusion.
  • Quantified the influence of chain length and polymer concentration on molecular mobility.

Conclusions:

  • The structure of the polymer matrix significantly impacts molecular transport.
  • Anomalous diffusion is observed under specific conditions related to matrix structure and polymer concentration.