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Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
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The Role of Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation in Chronic Venous Disease

Ricardo Castro-Ferreira1, Rita Cardoso2, Adelino Leite-Moreira2

  • 1Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Serviço de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal.

Annals of Vascular Surgery
|July 10, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Inflammation is central to chronic venous disease (CVD) and varicose veins. Endothelial dysfunction drives this inflammation, worsening venous conditions and potentially linking to deep vein thrombosis.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Biology
  • Medical Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Chronic venous disease (CVD) is a widespread, debilitating condition with multifactorial origins.
  • Genetic and environmental factors contribute, but the primary cause is not fully understood.
  • Sustained venous hypertension and valvular incompetence are implicated in CVD development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the critical role of endothelial activation in the chronic inflammatory cycle of CVD.
  • To explore the connection between endothelial dysfunction and the pathophysiology of varicose veins and deep vein thrombosis.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive literature search conducted in Medline.
  • Keywords used: "Chronic venous disease" OR "Chronic venous insufficiency" OR "varicose veins" AND "endothelial dysfunction" OR "inflammation".

Main Results:

  • Inflammation is recognized as a hallmark of chronic venous disease pathophysiology.
  • Endothelial cells sense shear stress changes, leading to activation, leukocyte recruitment, and pro-inflammatory agent release.
  • Dysfunctional endothelium perpetuates the inflammatory cascade, worsening venous pathology.

Conclusions:

  • Endothelial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the persistent inflammation characterizing chronic venous disease.
  • Endothelial dysfunction may be the key link between varicose veins and deep vein thrombosis.
  • Understanding endothelial activation is crucial for managing chronic venous disease.

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