Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

7.7K
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
7.7K
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

51.7K
The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
51.7K
The Auditory Ossicles01:11

The Auditory Ossicles

3.4K
The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
The aptly named stapes look very much like a stirrup. The three ossicles are unique to mammals, and each plays a role in...
3.4K
Hearing01:31

Hearing

58.0K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
58.0K
Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

1.3K
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
1.3K
Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

12.2K
Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
12.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Inhibitory inputs to avian ITD circuits.

Trends in hearing·2026
Same author

Dependencies in heterogeneous, lineage plastic patient-derived prostate cancer organoids revealed through integrated single-cell multiomics and CRISPR screening.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

A general mechanism of airborne hearing in recent and early non-tympanate tetrapods.

The Journal of experimental biology·2026
Same author

An International Interdisciplinary Commentary on the Revised Guidelines for Music-based Interventions Checklist, Elaboration Guide and Validation Study.

Journal of music therapy·2026
Same author

Organization of the Auditory Brainstem in a Lizard, Gekko gecko. II. Afferent and Efferent Projections of Nuclei of the Lateral Lemniscus and the Torus Semicircularis.

The Journal of comparative neurology·2025
Same author

Single Neuron Contributions to the Auditory Brainstem EEG.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Evaluation of Auditory Brainstem Response in Chicken Hatchlings
09:32

Evaluation of Auditory Brainstem Response in Chicken Hatchlings

Published on: April 1, 2022

3.6K

Development of auditory sensitivity in the barn owl.

Anna Kraemer1, Caitlin Baxter2, Alayna Hendrix3

  • 1Neuroscience and Cognitive Sciences Program, Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, 20742, USA. akraemer@terpmail.umd.edu.

Journal of Comparative Physiology. A, Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology
|July 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Barn owl hearing develops gradually after hatching. Auditory brainstem responses show sensitivity to sound emerges over several weeks, coinciding with facial ruff maturation.

Keywords:
ABRAuditoryBarn owlDevelopment

More Related Videos

In Ovo Electroporation in the Chicken Auditory Brainstem
10:14

In Ovo Electroporation in the Chicken Auditory Brainstem

Published on: June 9, 2017

9.1K
Selective Tracing of Auditory Fibers in the Avian Embryonic Vestibulocochlear Nerve
11:27

Selective Tracing of Auditory Fibers in the Avian Embryonic Vestibulocochlear Nerve

Published on: March 18, 2013

9.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Evaluation of Auditory Brainstem Response in Chicken Hatchlings
09:32

Evaluation of Auditory Brainstem Response in Chicken Hatchlings

Published on: April 1, 2022

3.6K
In Ovo Electroporation in the Chicken Auditory Brainstem
10:14

In Ovo Electroporation in the Chicken Auditory Brainstem

Published on: June 9, 2017

9.1K
Selective Tracing of Auditory Fibers in the Avian Embryonic Vestibulocochlear Nerve
11:27

Selective Tracing of Auditory Fibers in the Avian Embryonic Vestibulocochlear Nerve

Published on: March 18, 2013

9.6K

Area of Science:

  • Ornithology
  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Science

Background:

  • Adult barn owls possess acute hearing, yet the developmental trajectory of this sensory system remains poorly understood.
  • Understanding auditory development in altricial birds like barn owls is crucial for comprehending sensory maturation processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental timeline of hearing in barn owls from early posthatch stages to adulthood.
  • To correlate the emergence of auditory sensitivity with physical maturation, specifically the facial ruff.

Main Methods:

  • Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were measured in barn owls across a developmental spectrum, from posthatch day 2 (P2) to P69.
  • Audiograms were assessed for various frequencies to determine the onset and progression of hearing sensitivity.

Main Results:

  • Consistent auditory brainstem responses were first detected at P4 for 1 and 2 kHz.
  • Responses to lower frequencies (0.5 and 4 kHz) appeared by P9, and to 5 kHz by P13.
  • Sensitivity to higher frequencies, including 12 kHz, developed later, around 2 months posthatch, coinciding with facial ruff maturation.

Conclusions:

  • Barn owls achieve their remarkable hearing sensitivity through a prolonged developmental period.
  • Auditory system maturation in barn owls is closely linked to the development of the skull and facial ruff structure.