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Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Determining Temperature Preference of Mosquitoes and Other Ectotherms
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Temperature stress and insect immunity.

Iwona Wojda1

  • 1Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Department of Immunobiology, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.

Journal of Thermal Biology
|July 11, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Temperature significantly impacts insect immunity. Insects exhibit behavioral fever, a response to pathogens and immune stimulators, regulated by similar pathways as mammalian fever.

Keywords:
Behavioural feverHeat shockInnate immunityInsectsPoikilotherms

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Zoology
  • Entomology

Background:

  • Temperature influences physiological processes in all animals.
  • Heat-shock proteins play a role in innate immunity across species.
  • Insects, like other poikilotherms, exhibit unique immune responses to thermal stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on temperature's role in insect immune responses.
  • To explore the function of heat-shock proteins in insect innate immunity.
  • To detail the phenomenon of behavioral fever in insects.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on insect immunity and temperature.
  • Analysis of the evolutionary aspects of heat-shock proteins in immunity.
  • Comparison of insect immune responses to mammalian fever responses.

Main Results:

  • Temperature changes, particularly heat-shock, can positively affect insect immunity.
  • Insects display behavioral fever, actively seeking warmer environments when infected.
  • This behavioral fever is triggered by pathogens and immune stimulators, suggesting a regulated response.
  • The prostaglandin/eicosanoid biosynthesis pathway is implicated in regulating insect fever responses.

Conclusions:

  • Temperature is a critical environmental factor modulating insect immune defenses.
  • Behavioral fever in insects is an adaptive immune strategy analogous to mammalian fever.
  • Understanding these temperature-dependent mechanisms enhances knowledge of insect innate immunity and evolution.