Odontomas: review of the literature and case reports

Odontomas are one of the most common Odontogenic Tumors of the jaw. The exact etiology of odontomas is unknown. Histologically they are composed of various formations of dental tissue (enamel, dentin, cementum and sometimes pulp). In the WHO classification, they are divided into complex odontoma and compound odontoma. Clinically, odontomas are generally asymptomatic and only in rare cases cause swelling, pain, suppuration or bony expansion. Radiologically, the tumor is initially lucent, but with time, it develops small calcifications, which eventually coalesce to form a radiodense lesion with a lucent rim. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice and there is no recurrence. The aim of this paper is to define the principal characteristics and the treatment of these lesions, based on literature and personal experience.