Leiomyosarcoma of the splenic vein: A case report

Leiomyosarcomas (LMSs) originating from the wall of blood vessels are aggressive and rare neoplasms. The current study describes a case of a 52-year-old man who presented with intermittent abdominal pain without weight loss or diarrhea. Computed tomography of the abdomen identified a 4-cm, solid, heterogeneous tumor in the tail of the pancreas, while a hypodense lesion was also noted in the right hepatic lobe. The patient subsequently underwent splenic pedicle tumor resection, splenectomy and liver tumor resection. Notably, immunohistochemical and histological analyses identified LMS, which had originated from the smooth muscle of the splenic vein. Currently available information regarding LMSs of the splenic vein and their management is also discussed, with the aim of improving diagnostic accuracy.