Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

8.3K
The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
8.3K
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

7.7K
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
7.7K
Vision01:24

Vision

60.7K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
60.7K
Hearing01:31

Hearing

58.0K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
58.0K
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

51.7K
The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
51.7K
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

9.9K
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
9.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multiscale hyperbolic embedding reveals hierarchical structure in complex biological systems.

NPJ systems biology and applications·2026
Same author

Spontaneous replication fork collapse regulates telomere length homeostasis in wild type yeast.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Distance-Based Logistic Matrix Factorization.

Neural computation·2025
Same author

Author Correction: ImAge quantitates aging and rejuvenation.

Nature aging·2025
Same author

Computations that sustain neural feature selectivity across processing stages.

PLoS computational biology·2025
Same author

A framework for analyzing <i>C. elegans</i> neural activity using multi-dimensional hyperbolic embedding.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same journal

Chronic stress primes TLR3-mediated systemic inflammation to produce persistent post-viral fatigue syndrome-like symptoms in mice.

Neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Contribution of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors to bottom-up amplification of frontal and parietal cortical responses to rare deviant tones in rats.

Neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Developmental switch of GABAergic signaling in starburst amacrine cells driven by chloride transporter dynamics.

Neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Epileptiform discharges are associated with increased theta activity over time in patients with Lewy body dementia.

Neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Response times from gap detection threshold testing relate to cognitive processing speed in young adults.

Neuroscience·2026
Same journal

The timing of visual selective attention in fronto-parietal network: TMS behavioral and brain structural evidence.

Neuroscience·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Functional Imaging of Auditory Cortex in Adult Cats using High-field fMRI
10:50

Functional Imaging of Auditory Cortex in Adult Cats using High-field fMRI

Published on: February 19, 2014

12.0K

Multidimensional receptive field processing by cat primary auditory cortical neurons.

Craig A Atencio1, Tatyana O Sharpee2

  • 1Coleman Memorial Laboratory, UCSF Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, Department of Otolaryngology-HNS, University of California, San Francisco, USA.

Neuroscience
|July 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Auditory neurons process sound using multiple features, with excitatory and suppressive features responding to different acoustic contexts. These features adapt based on stimulus statistics, revealing complex receptive field dynamics.

Keywords:
catmodulationprimary auditory cortexspectrotemporalstimulus statisticsstrf

More Related Videos

Multiscale Investigations of Cortical Processing by Integrating Laminar Polytrodes and Optogenetics with Micro Electrocorticography in Rodents
07:52

Multiscale Investigations of Cortical Processing by Integrating Laminar Polytrodes and Optogenetics with Micro Electrocorticography in Rodents

Published on: May 23, 2025

896
Reversible Cooling-induced Deactivations to Study Cortical Contributions to Obstacle Memory in the Walking Cat
09:43

Reversible Cooling-induced Deactivations to Study Cortical Contributions to Obstacle Memory in the Walking Cat

Published on: December 11, 2017

7.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Functional Imaging of Auditory Cortex in Adult Cats using High-field fMRI
10:50

Functional Imaging of Auditory Cortex in Adult Cats using High-field fMRI

Published on: February 19, 2014

12.0K
Multiscale Investigations of Cortical Processing by Integrating Laminar Polytrodes and Optogenetics with Micro Electrocorticography in Rodents
07:52

Multiscale Investigations of Cortical Processing by Integrating Laminar Polytrodes and Optogenetics with Micro Electrocorticography in Rodents

Published on: May 23, 2025

896
Reversible Cooling-induced Deactivations to Study Cortical Contributions to Obstacle Memory in the Walking Cat
09:43

Reversible Cooling-induced Deactivations to Study Cortical Contributions to Obstacle Memory in the Walking Cat

Published on: December 11, 2017

7.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Auditory cortical neurons exhibit multidimensional receptive fields.
  • Previous methods for characterizing these fields have limitations with non-Gaussian stimuli and data constraints.
  • The influence of stimulus context on receptive field dimensionality is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the number and characteristics of stimulus features in auditory cortical neurons.
  • To investigate how stimulus context affects these features.
  • To apply an advanced computational model for characterizing multidimensional receptive fields.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the maximum noise entropy (MNE) model, an information-theoretic extension of spike-triggered covariance (STC).
  • Applied the MNE model to analyze receptive fields of auditory cortical neurons with non-Gaussian stimulus distributions.
  • Compared neuronal responses to stimuli differing in short-term correlation structure.

Main Results:

  • The MNE model often identified more than two stimulus features influencing neuronal firing.
  • Excitatory features encoded higher temporal/spectral modulations, while suppressive features preferred lower modulation frequencies.
  • Both excitatory and suppressive features were sensitive to stimulus context, particularly secondary features.

Conclusions:

  • Auditory cortical receptive fields are highly multidimensional.
  • Feature type (excitatory vs. suppressive) and stimulus context significantly influence neural processing.
  • The MNE model provides a powerful tool for dissecting complex neural representations.