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What About Their Performance Do Free Jazz Improvisers Agree Upon? A Case Study.

Amandine Pras1,2, Michael F Schober1, Neta Spiro3,4

  • 1Department of Psychology, New School for Social Research, The New SchoolNew York, NY, United States.

Frontiers in Psychology
|July 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Musicians improvising freely may not share the same understanding. Professional jazz improvisers agreed more with outside listeners than their partners, suggesting shared understanding isn't essential for free improvisation.

Keywords:
collaborationcreative processfree jazzimprovisationinterrater agreementintersubjectivitymusic cognitionshared understanding

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Music Cognition
  • Psychology of Music

Background:

  • Free improvisation involves musicians creating music spontaneously without pre-set structures.
  • The extent of shared understanding among improvising musicians and its relation to listeners is not well-understood.
  • Previous research suggests shared understanding may not be crucial for successful joint improvisation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the degree of shared understanding between professional free jazz improvisers.
  • To compare performers' understanding with that of experienced outside listeners.
  • To investigate the role of shared understanding in spontaneous musical creation.

Main Methods:

  • A case study involving a renowned saxophonist and pianist improvising freely for 40 minutes.
  • Post-improvisation interviews with performers and two commenting listeners (saxophonist, drummer).
  • Quantitative analysis of participant agreement on 302 anonymized statements derived from interviews.

Main Results:

  • Performers characterized the improvisation differently, with limited overlap in their commentary.
  • Performers' agreement with their improvising partner was not higher than with commenting listeners.
  • Performers agreed more on statements about performer actions/thoughts and positive evaluations, but showed polarization on music-centric and negative statements.

Conclusions:

  • Professional free jazz musicians may not require fully shared understanding to improvise together effectively.
  • Performing partners' understanding can align more with that of knowledgeable outside listeners.
  • The findings challenge assumptions about the necessity of complete consensus in spontaneous musical collaboration.