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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 26, 2026

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

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Diet-derived microRNAs: unicorn or silver bullet?

Kenneth W Witwer1,2, Chen-Yu Zhang3

  • 1Departments of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology and Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.

Genes & Nutrition
|July 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diet-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) show potential as therapeutic agents, but scientific debate continues regarding their uptake and gene regulation in consumers. This discussion explores the controversial realities of dietary miRNAs.

Keywords:
BiotechnologyCross-kingdomDietGenetically engineeredMicrobiomePlanmiRNAsRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Diet-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) are proposed as potential therapeutic agents.
  • Significant scientific skepticism exists regarding the uptake and functional gene regulation by dietary miRNAs in consumers.
  • Research groups, including Dr. Chen-Yu Zhang's lab, present data supporting dietary miRNA activity, while others, like Dr. Ken Witwer's, highlight potential artifacts and biases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the controversial topic of dietary microRNA (miRNA) activity.
  • To present differing perspectives on the uptake and function of diet-derived miRNAs.
  • To clarify the scientific realities surrounding dietary miRNAs in nutrition and therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion and expert opinion sharing between leading researchers in the field.
  • Review of existing data and methodologies concerning dietary miRNA research.
  • Addressing potential sources of error such as contamination and technical artifacts.

Main Results:

  • The field of dietary microRNA (miRNA) research is marked by significant debate and controversy.
  • Evidence supporting the functional role of dietary miRNAs is presented, alongside cautions regarding experimental rigor.
  • The discussion highlights the need for careful interpretation of data due to potential artifacts.

Conclusions:

  • The potential of dietary microRNAs (miRNAs) in nutrition and therapeutics remains an active area of investigation.
  • Further research is required to definitively establish the uptake and biological effects of dietary miRNAs.
  • Acknowledging and mitigating experimental challenges are crucial for advancing the field.