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Cell lineage and segmentation in the leech.

D A Weisblat, M Shankland

    Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
    |December 17, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Leech segment formation involves specific embryonic stem cell proliferation. Blast cell clones intermix, with some segments requiring two stem cells for complete development.

    Area of Science:

    • Developmental biology
    • Cell lineage tracing
    • Annelid embryogenesis

    Background:

    • Leech segments develop from longitudinally arrayed bandlets of blast cells.
    • Embryonic stem cells, termed teloblasts (M, N, O, P, Q), generate these blast cells.
    • Previous studies established that teloblasts produce segmentally iterated complements of progeny.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the precise relationship between blast cell clones and segment formation in leeches.
    • To determine how blast cell lineage contributes to the definition of segmental boundaries.
    • To clarify the contribution of different teloblast lineages to segmental development.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing microinjected cell lineage tracers to label blast cell progeny.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Analyzing developmental boundaries between labeled and unlabeled cells after teloblast injection.
  • Detailed examination of blast cell clone intermixing within segmentally iterated units.

    • Main Results:

    • In M, O, and P cell lines, one blast cell produces a segmental complement, but clones intermix, obscuring segment boundaries.
    • In N and Q cell lines, two blast cells are necessary to form a complete segmental complement.
    • N and Q teloblast progeny migrate past M and O/P teloblast progeny during germinal plate formation, delaying clone-segment registration.

    Conclusions:

    • Segment boundaries in leeches are not solely defined by primary blast cell clones due to intermixing.
    • Segmental development involves differential contributions from various teloblast lineages, with N and Q lines requiring multiple blast cells.
    • The spatial arrangement and migration of progeny from different teloblasts influence the establishment of segmental units.