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Related Concept Videos

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Targeted RNA Sequencing Assay to Characterize Gene Expression and Genomic Alterations
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tsRNA signatures in cancer.

Veronica Balatti1, Giovanni Nigita1, Dario Veneziano1

  • 1Department of Cancer Biology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|July 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary

TRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are dysregulated in various cancers. This study reveals tsRNA signatures in colon, breast, and ovarian cancers, showing their altered expression impacts cell survival and proliferation.

Keywords:
ncRNAtDRtRFtRNA fragmentstsRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Small, noncoding RNAs are implicated in cancer development.
  • TRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a class of small RNAs found to be dysregulated in cancer.
  • Previous work identified tsRNA signatures in leukemia and lung cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate tsRNA signatures in colon, breast, and ovarian cancers.
  • To determine the impact of oncogene activation and cancer progression on tsRNA expression.
  • To elucidate the functional role of specific tsRNAs in cancer cell biology.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of tsRNA expression in patient samples and cancer cell lines.
  • Generation of knocked-out cell models for ts-101 and ts-46.
  • Overexpression of ts-46 and ts-47 in lung cancer cell lines followed by clonogenic assays.

Main Results:

  • TsRNA signatures were detected in all tested cancer types (colon, breast, ovarian).
  • TsRNA expression levels were altered by oncogene activation and cancer staging.
  • Knocking out ts-101 and ts-46 affected genes involved in cell survival, apoptosis, and chromatin structure.
  • Overexpression of ts-46 and ts-47 inhibited colony formation in lung cancer cells.

Conclusions:

  • TsRNAs play a significant role in cancer development and progression.
  • Specific tsRNAs can act as tumor suppressors by inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis.
  • TsRNAs represent potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in oncology.