Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Microglial brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) supports the behavioral and synaptogenic effects of ketamine.

Brain, behavior, and immunity·2026
Same author

A novel interoceptive subfornical organ to infralimbic cortex mechanism relays airway inflammation effects on fear extinction.

Journal of neuroinflammation·2026
Same author

Central amygdala single-nucleus atlas reveals chromatin and gene transcription dynamics in human alcohol use disorder.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Mapping DNA Methylation Signatures to Identify Epigenetic Variation Across Subcortical Regions of the Human Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Brain.

Biological psychiatry·2025
Same author

A novel interoceptive subfornical organ to infralimbic cortex circuit relays airway inflammation effects on fear extinction.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Single-cell transcriptomic and chromatin dynamics of the human brain in PTSD.

Nature·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 26, 2026

A Chronic Immobilization Stress Protocol for Inducing Depression-Like Behavior in Mice
05:28

A Chronic Immobilization Stress Protocol for Inducing Depression-Like Behavior in Mice

Published on: May 15, 2019

23.7K

Stress-Induced Neuronal Colony Stimulating Factor 1 Provokes Microglia-Mediated Neuronal Remodeling and

Eric S Wohleb1, Rosemarie Terwilliger2, Catharine H Duman2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.

Biological Psychiatry
|July 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Chronic stress increases neuronal colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) in the medial prefrontal cortex, activating microglia. This leads to synaptic deficits and anxiety-like behaviors, highlighting a key mechanism in stress-related disorders.

Keywords:
Colony stimulating factor 1DepressionMicrogliaNeuroimmunePrefrontal cortexStress

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Induced Microglia-Like Cell Technology to Shed Light on the Role of Microglial Dysfunction in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
06:12

Author Spotlight: Induced Microglia-Like Cell Technology to Shed Light on the Role of Microglial Dysfunction in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Published on: September 6, 2024

2.1K
The Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Inducing Anhedonia in Mice
07:13

The Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Inducing Anhedonia in Mice

Published on: October 24, 2018

18.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 26, 2026

A Chronic Immobilization Stress Protocol for Inducing Depression-Like Behavior in Mice
05:28

A Chronic Immobilization Stress Protocol for Inducing Depression-Like Behavior in Mice

Published on: May 15, 2019

23.7K
Author Spotlight: Induced Microglia-Like Cell Technology to Shed Light on the Role of Microglial Dysfunction in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
06:12

Author Spotlight: Induced Microglia-Like Cell Technology to Shed Light on the Role of Microglial Dysfunction in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Published on: September 6, 2024

2.1K
The Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Inducing Anhedonia in Mice
07:13

The Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Inducing Anhedonia in Mice

Published on: October 24, 2018

18.8K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroimmunology
  • Behavioral Neuroscience

Background:

  • Chronic stress induces neuronal atrophy and synaptic deficits in the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC), contributing to anxiety and depression.
  • Microglia in the PFC exhibit altered morphology and function post-stress, suggesting their role in stress-induced synaptic deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of neuron-microglia interactions in the medial PFC during the development of anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors following chronic unpredictable stress (CUS).
  • To examine the impact of neuronal colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) on microglia function and associated behavioral outcomes after CUS.

Main Methods:

  • Exposure of male and female mice to CUS.
  • Utilized Thy1-GFP-M mice to assess microglia-mediated neuronal remodeling and dendritic spine density in the medial PFC.
  • Employed viral-mediated knockdown of neuronal CSF1 to modulate microglia function and behavioral responses.

Main Results:

  • CUS induced anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors, correlating with increased CSF1 mRNA in the PFC, also observed in human depression cases.
  • Microglia from stressed mice showed elevated CSF1 receptor expression and increased neuronal phagocytosis, more pronounced in males.
  • Reduced dendritic spine density was observed in medial PFC layer 1 pyramidal neurons, and CSF1 knockdown attenuated these changes and prevented behavioral deficits.

Conclusions:

  • Stress-induced elevations in neuronal CSF1 trigger microglia-mediated neuronal remodeling in the medial PFC.
  • This process contributes to synaptic deficits and the manifestation of anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors.