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Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs
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"New" bronchopulmonary dysplasia and chronic lung disease

Judith A Voynow1

  • 1Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Richmond at VCU, Box 980315, Richmond, VA, USA.

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews
|July 13, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) significantly impacts preterm infants, causing chronic lung disease. This review details the evolution of BPD

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Perinatal Research

Background:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a leading cause of chronic lung disease in premature infants.
  • Significant advancements in neonatal care have altered BPD's epidemiology and pathogenesis over 50 years.
  • Understanding these changes is crucial for improving infant outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical evolution of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
  • To summarize the changing epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment strategies for BPD.
  • To assess the impact of these changes on clinical outcomes in affected infants.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on bronchopulmonary dysplasia over the past 50 years.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data, pathogenetic mechanisms, and therapeutic interventions.
  • Synthesis of findings to evaluate clinical outcomes.

Main Results:

  • The definition and incidence of BPD have evolved, reflecting changes in neonatal care and prematurity survival.
  • Pathogenesis understanding has shifted from primarily oxygen/ventilation injury to include factors like inflammation and impaired lung development.
  • Treatment strategies have advanced, focusing on lung protective ventilation, nutritional support, and pharmacotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) management has transformed, leading to improved survival but ongoing challenges.
  • Continued research is essential to further mitigate BPD's long-term effects on survivors.
  • Multidisciplinary approaches are key to optimizing clinical outcomes for infants with BPD.

Keywords:
GlucocorticoidsOxygenationPreterm infantsSurfactantVentilation

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