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Childhood severe asthma: New insights on remodelling and biomarkers

Sejal Saglani1

  • 1Inflammation, Repair & Development Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London and Dept of Respiratory Paediatrics, Royal Brompton Hospital London, United Kingdom.

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews
|July 13, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Severe asthma in children involves allergies and inflammation, but varies greatly. Studies using models and samples reveal molecular drivers of airway remodeling and steroid resistance, highlighting new therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • Severe asthma in children presents heterogeneously with features like aeroallergen sensitization, food allergy, eosinophilic airway inflammation, and airway remodeling.
  • Significant variability exists in how these characteristics manifest across pediatric patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss specific molecular mediators driving airway remodeling and steroid resistance in pediatric severe asthma.
  • To highlight the importance of age-appropriate models and primary cells for identifying novel therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized translational approaches, including neonatal mouse models.
  • Analyzed airway bronchoscopic samples from children.

Main Results:

  • Identified specific molecular mediators contributing to airway remodeling.
  • Identified specific molecular mediators contributing to steroid resistance in pediatric severe asthma.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms is crucial for addressing severe asthma in children.
  • Further research using child-specific models and cells is essential for developing effective therapies.

Keywords:
Fungal sensitisationIL-33InflammationPaediatric severe asthmaRemodelling eosinophiliaVitamin D

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