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Abnormal fixational eye movements in strabismus.

Fatema F Ghasia1, Jorge Otero-Millan2, Aasef G Shaikh3,4,5

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The British Journal of Ophthalmology
|July 13, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with strabismus exhibit greater fixational instability, characterized by abnormal eye movements and disconjugacy, impacting binocular vision. This instability correlates with strabismus severity and may aid in early diagnosis.

Keywords:
childrenfixational saccadesgaze holdingocular driftstrabismus

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • Fixational saccades are small, rapid eye movements crucial for maintaining gaze stability during visual fixation.
  • Strabismus, a condition characterized by misaligned eyes, often involves disconjugate saccades, affecting binocular vision.
  • Understanding fixational eye movements in strabismus is key to elucidating the underlying neural and motor control disruptions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the stability and variability of eye position during fixation in patients with strabismus.
  • To correlate the severity of fixational instability with the angle of strabismus and the status of binocular vision.
  • To analyze fixational saccades and intersaccadic drifts in both viewing and non-viewing eyes of strabismic individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Eye movements were recorded in 13 patients with strabismus and 16 controls during monocular fixation and visually guided saccades.
  • Analysis focused on fixational saccades, intersaccadic drifts, and eye position variance.
  • Disconjugacy of eye movements was quantified and compared between groups.

Main Results:

  • Patients with strabismus demonstrated significantly increased fixational instability compared to controls.
  • Increased disconjugacy of fixational saccades and intrasaccadic ocular drift was observed in strabismus patients.
  • This disconjugacy was more pronounced in individuals with larger strabismus angles and impaired stereopsis.

Conclusions:

  • Both fixational saccades and intersaccadic drifts are abnormal in strabismus, contributing to overall fixational instability.
  • The findings highlight disruptions in motor and visual system fine-tuning essential for binocular fusion in strabismus.
  • Fixational instability may serve as a valuable indicator for mass screenings in diagnosing strabismus, particularly when amblyopia or latent nystagmus are absent.