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Current concepts in clinical therapeutics: asthma.

R P Iafrate, K L Massey, L Hendeles

    Clinical Pharmacy
    |March 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Asthma is a serious respiratory condition affecting millions, characterized by airway hyperreactivity and inflammation. Effective management involves a stepwise approach using inhaled bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and other agents based on symptom severity.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonology
    • Allergy and Immunology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Asthma is a significant public health issue in the US, causing substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic burden.
    • It affects approximately nine million Americans, with nearly 2000 deaths annually.
    • The disease is characterized by airway hyperreactivity to various stimuli, leading to smooth muscle spasm, mucus hypersecretion, and inflammation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of asthma.
    • To discuss in-depth the major pharmacologic agents used in asthma management.
    • To provide insights into the classification and optimal therapeutic strategies for asthma.

    Main Methods:

    • Comprehensive review of existing literature on asthma.
    • Analysis of diagnostic criteria, including patient history and physiologic data.
    • Evaluation of treatment guidelines and drug efficacy for different asthma severities.

    Main Results:

    • Asthma is classified as intermittent or chronic, with diagnosis relying on clinical presentation and objective data.
    • Acute asthma treatment typically involves inhaled beta-2 agonists, with corticosteroids added if necessary.
    • Chronic asthma management may include theophylline or cromolyn, with immunotherapy for specific allergic triggers.

    Conclusions:

    • Asthma management requires a personalized, stepwise approach utilizing multiple pharmacologic agents tailored to individual patient needs and symptoms.
    • Optimal therapeutic strategies can be complex due to the varied nature of asthma exacerbations and patient responses.
    • Integrated management strategies are crucial for improving patient outcomes and reducing the disease's impact.

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