Pacemaker Implants in Children and Adolescents with Chagas Disease in Brazil: 18-Year Incidence

Carolina Christianini Mizzaci1, Thiago Gonçalves Schroder E Souza1, Gabriel Pelegrineti Targueta1

  • 1Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, SP - Brazil.

Insights

Pacemaker implantations in children with Chagas disease (a parasitic illness) have significantly decreased in Brazil. This reduction in cardiac device procedures for pediatric Chagas disease may indicate a decline in vertical parasite transmission.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chagas disease poses a significant public health challenge in Brazil, contributing to 25-30% of cardiac pacemaker indications.
  • Pediatric cases of Chagas disease requiring cardiac stimulation are a critical concern.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical and epidemiological features of pediatric patients (<18 years) who received pacemakers for Chagas disease in Brazil from 1994 to 2011.
  • To evaluate the temporal trends of these pacemaker implantations.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional analysis of the Brazilian Pacemaker Registry database was conducted.
  • Data included year of implantation, patient demographics (age, sex, ethnicity), functional class, and electrocardiographic findings.
  • A time series analysis was performed to assess trends.

Main Results:

  • Out of 183,123 total pacemaker implants, 214 were in pediatric Chagas disease patients (mean age 5.6 years).
  • Atrioventricular blocks (2nd/3rd degree) accounted for 71% of indications.
  • While overall pacemaker implants increased, pediatric Chagas disease cases showed a significant annual reduction.

Conclusions:

  • A notable decrease in pacemaker implantations among children and adolescents with Chagas disease was observed.
  • This trend suggests a potential reduction in the vertical transmission of the Trypanosoma cruzi parasite.
Abstract

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