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Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...

Introduction to Stress and Lifestyle

Introduction to Stress and Lifestyle

Stress is a multifaceted response to events perceived as challenging or threatening, highlighting physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions. Physically, stress can lead to fatigue, sleep disruptions, and various health issues such as frequent colds, chest pains, and nausea. Emotionally, it can manifest as anxiety, depression, irritability, and anger triggered by both minor and major life events. Cognitively, it may result in difficulty in concentration, memory, and...

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The Microbiome in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Trauma-Exposed Controls: An Exploratory Study.

Sian M J Hemmings¹, Stefanie Malan-Müller, Leigh L van den Heuvel

¹From the Department of Psychiatry (Hemmings, Malan-Müller, van den Heuvel, Seedat), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa; Departments of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology (Demmitt, Krauter), Chemistry and Biochemistry (Smith), and Integrative Physiology (Bohr, Stamper, Siebler, McQueen, Lowry), Institute for Behavioral Genetics (Demmitt, Bohr, McQueen, Krauter), and Center for Neuroscience (Lowry), University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder; Departments of Epidemiology (Stanislawski), Psychiatry and Neurology (Brenner), and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Brenner, Lowry), and Center for Neuroscience (Lowry), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; US Department of Veterans Affairs (Stanislawski), Denver, CO; Departments of Pediatrics (Hyde, Marotz, Knight) and Computer Science & Engineering (Morton, Knight), and Center for Microbiome Innovation (Knight), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; NXT-Dx (Braspenning); Department of Mathematical Modelling (Van Criekinge), Statistics and Bio-informatics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (Hoisington), United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs; Military and Veteran Microbiome Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE) (Hoisington, Brenner, Postolache, Lowry); VA Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC) (Brenner, Postolache, Lowry), Denver, CO; and Department of Psychiatry (Postolache), School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD.

Psychosomatic Medicine

|July 13, 2017

Summary

The gut microbiome composition differs in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Lower levels of Actinobacteria, Lentisphaerae, and Verrucomicrobia correlate with increased PTSD symptom severity.

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Investigating Alterations in Caecum Microbiota After Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice

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Published on: September 19, 2019

Area of Science:

Microbiome research
Psychiatry
Immunoregulation

Background:

Inadequate immunoregulation and inflammation are potential posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) risk factors.
Gut microbiota influences immunoregulation, but its link to PTSD remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate gut microbiome differences in South African individuals with PTSD compared to trauma-exposed (TE) controls.
Identify potential variations in microbial diversity and community structure associated with PTSD.

Main Methods:

PTSD diagnosis using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5.
DNA extraction from stool samples of 18 PTSD and 12 TE participants.
16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysis of microbial community structure, alpha-diversity, and beta-diversity.
Random forest analysis to identify bacterial taxa associated with PTSD.

Main Results:

No significant differences in alpha- or beta-diversity between PTSD and TE groups.
Random forest analysis identified Actinobacteria, Lentisphaerae, and Verrucomicrobia as key phyla distinguishing PTSD status.
Decreased abundance of these three phyla correlated with higher PTSD symptom scores (r = -0.387, p = .035).

Conclusions:

Overall gut microbial diversity did not differ between PTSD and TE individuals.
Reduced abundance of Actinobacteria, Lentisphaerae, and Verrucomicrobia is associated with PTSD status.