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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis01:30

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis

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Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
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COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
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Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis01:23

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Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Refined Murine Model of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
07:51

Refined Murine Model of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Published on: June 17, 2025

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Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Case Discussion.

Meghan K Felton, Brian Bautista, Lee E Morrow

    The Consultant Pharmacist : the Journal of the American Society of Consultant Pharmacists
    |July 14, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease. Pharmacists play a key role in managing pirfenidone and nintedanib treatments for IPF patients, ensuring optimal outcomes.

    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, fatal lung disease marked by progressive pulmonary function decline.
    • Current therapeutic options for IPF are limited.

    Observation:

    • A case study of a 68-year-old male patient with IPF is presented.
    • The patient initially received pirfenidone, experiencing significant gastric distress.
    • Treatment was subsequently transitioned to nintedanib.

    Findings:

    • Pirfenidone and nintedanib are the only FDA-approved medications for IPF in the U.S.
    • These agents possess unique pharmacological profiles compared to previous IPF therapies.

    Implications:

    • Pharmacists require a comprehensive understanding of IPF treatment guidelines.

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  • Expertise in drug acquisition, dosing, patient education, and monitoring of pirfenidone and nintedanib is crucial for pharmacists.
  • Effective pharmacist involvement can enhance therapeutic outcomes for IPF patients.