Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 26, 2026
13:36
Simple In-House Ultra-High Performance Capillary Column Manufacturing with the FlashPack Approach
Published on: December 4, 2021
4.6K
Development of capillary liquid chromatography: A personal perspective
1Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
Journal of Chromatography. A
|July 14, 2017
Summary
Capillary Liquid Chromatography (LC) evolved from HPLC in the 1970s, overcoming miniaturization challenges for efficient biological mixture analysis. Its LC-MS combination now drives advancements in omics fields like proteomics.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Chromatography
Background:
- Capillary Liquid Chromatography (LC) emerged in the late 1970s, following High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) development.
- Initial research focused on overcoming slow solute diffusion in liquids through drastically reduced column dimensions.
Observation:
- Early challenges included instrumental difficulties with sample introduction and detection at picoliter/femtoliter volumes.
- Miniaturization offered distinct advantages for spectroscopic and electrochemical detection methods.
Findings:
- Column technologies evolved from glass-drawn microcapillaries to slurry-packed fused silica columns with sub-2-μm particles or monoliths.
- The integration of LC with Mass Spectrometry (MS) significantly boosted the adoption of capillary LC.
Implications:
- Capillary LC-MS is now central to 'omics technologies', including proteomics, glycomics, and metabolomics.
- This historical development highlights the impact of miniaturization and advanced column technologies on complex biological sample analysis.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
00:57High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation
3.2K
High-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is an analytical technique that separates liquid samples under high pressures. An HPLC instrument consists of glass bottles for storing solvents called mobile phase reservoirs. HPLC-grade solvents are used to maintain high purity, and the dissolved gases are removed using a degasser, such as a vacuum pumping system or sparging with helium. The solvents are then pumped into the analytical column using a screw-driven syringe or reciprocating pumps.
3.2K
01:11High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction
3.7K
High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), formerly referred to as High-pressure liquid chromatography, is a powerful technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in complex mixtures. The term "high pressure" refers to using high pressure to push the liquid mobile phase through the tightly packed columns.
In HPLC, two phases play a critical role in the separation process:
In HPLC, two phases play a critical role in the separation process:
3.7K
01:05High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process
1.7K
In High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), the elution process is critical to the separation of analytes and the quality of chromatographic results. Elution describes how compounds move through the column and separate based on their interactions with the mobile and stationary phases. This process determines the resolution, peak shape, and retention times in the chromatogram, which are essential for identifying and quantifying components in complex mixtures. Understanding the elution...
1.7K
01:30Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications
1.5K
Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
1.5K
01:18Rise of Liquid in a Capillary Tube
3.3K
When very thin cylindrical tubes, called capillaries, are dipped in a liquid, the liquid rises or falls in the tube compared to the surrounding liquid. This phenomenon is called capillary action. Capillary action occurs due to the combination of two opposing forces: the cohesive forces of the liquid, which cause it to stick to itself and form a rounded shape, and the adhesive forces between the liquid and the walls of the container, which cause the liquid to be attracted to the container walls.
3.3K
01:20Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation
1.3K
Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
1.3K