3D NiO hollow sphere/reduced graphene oxide composite for high-performance glucose biosensor

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Developing advanced electrode materials is crucial for sensitive and selective electrochemical biosensors.
• Nickel oxide (NiO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) are promising materials for electrochemical applications due to their unique properties.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize a 3D NiO hollow sphere/rGO composite material.
• To investigate the electrochemical properties of the synthesized composite for glucose sensing.
• To evaluate the performance of the NiO/rGO composite modified electrode for glucose detection in human blood serum.

Main Methods:

• Coordinating etching and precipitating process using Cu2O nanosphere/graphene oxide (GO) composite as a template.
• Material characterization using SEM, TEM, HRTEM, XPS, and Raman spectroscopy.
• Electrochemical performance evaluation using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and amperometry.

Main Results:

• The 3D NiO hollow sphere/rGO composite exhibited a unique hierarchical porous superstructure.
• The modified electrode showed high sensitivity (~2.04 mA mM-1 cm-2), a quick response time (<5 s), and good stability, selectivity, and reproducibility.
• The material demonstrated acceptable recovery and R.S.D. when used for detecting glucose in human blood serum samples.

Conclusions:

• The 3D NiO hollow sphere/rGO composite is a highly effective material for electrochemical glucose sensing.
• The enhanced performance is attributed to the composite's hierarchical porous structure and improved electron-transfer kinetics.
• This composite holds potential for practical applications in clinical diagnostics and biomedical monitoring.