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Related Experiment Video

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Virtual Reality Tools for Assessing Unilateral Spatial Neglect: A Novel Opportunity for Data Collection
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Behavioral and Cortical Effects during Attention Driven Brain-Computer Interface Operations in Spatial Neglect: A

Luca Tonin1, Marco Pitteri2, Robert Leeb1

  • 1Chair in Brain-Machine Interface, Center for Neuroprosthetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneGeneva, Switzerland.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|July 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that a brain-computer interface (BCI) driven by covert visuospatial attention (CVSA) can improve reaction times in patients with spatial neglect (SN). The BCI also reduced inter-hemispheric imbalance, suggesting therapeutic potential.

Keywords:
alpha oscillationsbrain-computer interfacecovert visuospatial attentionelectroencephalogramfunctional connectivityspatial neglect

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) show promise in motor rehabilitation.
  • Left spatial neglect (SN) is a debilitating attention disorder often following stroke.
  • Current treatments for SN have limitations, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of a covert visuospatial attention (CVSA) driven BCI for patients with SN.
  • To determine if a CVSA-BCI can detect attention-specific brain patterns in SN patients.
  • To assess the BCI's ability to modulate abnormal cortical activity, including alpha-power, feature recruitment, and connectivity.

Main Methods:

  • Three patients with SN controlled a CVSA-BCI online, focusing attention on various spatial locations, including neglected space.
  • Behavioral outcomes (reaction time) and neurophysiological measures (alpha-power, inter-hemispheric imbalance, functional connectivity) were assessed.
  • Correlation between behavioral improvements and neurophysiological changes was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Two out of three patients showed significant improvement in reaction time in neglected space (p < 0.01) when using the online BCI.
  • Improved reaction time negatively correlated with increased individual alpha-power in the pre-cue interval (p < 0.05).
  • All patients exhibited reduced inter-hemispheric imbalance in parieto-occipital regions (p < 0.05) and altered functional connectivity patterns.

Conclusions:

  • A CVSA-driven BCI is feasible for patients with spatial neglect.
  • This BCI approach shows potential for therapeutic intervention in attention-based visuospatial deficits.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the full therapeutic capacity of BCIs for SN.