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Adults with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities face significant health care access barriers. Occupational therapy can address these disparities through targeted research and practice interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Disability Studies
  • Occupational Therapy

Background:

  • Adults with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (IDD) experience notable health disparities.
  • Healthy People 2020 emphasizes improving health care access for individuals with disabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing literature on health care access for adults with IDD in the U.S.
  • To identify opportunities for occupational therapy research and practice to address these access issues.

Main Methods:

  • A scoping review methodology was employed.
  • Included 37 articles focusing on health care access for adults with IDD in the United States.

Main Results:

  • Key person and environmental factors impacting health care access were identified using the Ecology of Human Performance theory.
  • Significant barriers to health care access for adults with IDD were highlighted.

Conclusions:

  • Occupational therapy has a crucial role in enhancing health care access for adults with IDD.
  • Interventions can focus on skill development and environmental modifications to improve participation and health outcomes.