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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

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Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
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The Endocrine System01:29

The Endocrine System

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The endocrine system is an extensive network of glands – organs or tissues in the body that create chemicals that control many bodily functions, that secrete hormones, which are chemical messengers that play essential roles in regulating various bodily functions. These hormones are secreted into the bloodstream and travel throughout the body. They require specific receptors to convey signals to cells possessing these corresponding receptors. This complex signaling mechanism ensures that...
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Overview of Protein Metabolism01:21

Overview of Protein Metabolism

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Proteins are broken down into amino acids during digestion. Unlike fats and carbohydrates, which are stored for later use, proteins are not. Instead, amino acids are either used to produce ATP through oxidation or contribute to the creation of new proteins for the growth and repair of the body. Any surplus amino acids from the diet are converted into glucose or triglycerides rather than excreted.
Amino acids play various roles in the body once they are absorbed into cells. They are restructured...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 26, 2026

The Creation of a Rat Model for Osteosarcopenia via Ovariectomy
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The Creation of a Rat Model for Osteosarcopenia via Ovariectomy

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SARCOPENIA: AN ENDOCRINE DISORDER?

Alexis McKee, John E Morley, Alvin M Matsumoto

    Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
    |July 14, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Sarcopenia, characterized by low muscle mass and function, can be screened using the SARC-F test. Treatments include exercise, supplements like vitamin D, and hormone replacement therapy for specific conditions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Endocrinology
    • Muscle Physiology

    Background:

    • Sarcopenia is defined by low muscle mass and impaired muscle function.
    • The SARC-F screening tool aids in identifying individuals with sarcopenia.
    • Key endocrine factors include diabetes mellitus and male hypogonadism.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide a comprehensive overview of sarcopenia.
    • To discuss the causes, screening, and treatment of sarcopenia.
    • To highlight emerging therapeutic targets for sarcopenia.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of sarcopenia causes and treatments.
    • Summary of diagnostic criteria and screening tools.
    • Discussion of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions.

    Main Results:

    • Multiple factors contribute to sarcopenia, including aging, endocrine disorders, and lifestyle.
    • Exercise, nutritional support (vitamin D, amino acids), and hormone therapy are primary treatments.
    • Novel therapies targeting androgen receptors and myostatin are under investigation.

    Conclusions:

    • Sarcopenia is a multifactorial condition requiring a comprehensive management approach.
    • Early screening and intervention are crucial for mitigating muscle loss.
    • Future research focuses on innovative treatments to improve muscle health in aging populations.