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Pilot Trial of a Home-based Physical Activity Program for African American Women
Dori Pekmezi1, Cole Ainsworth, Rodney P Joseph
11School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; 2College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ; 3Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; 4School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; 5School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI; and 6Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
Purpose:
This study aimed to assess the feasibility of a Home-based, Individually-tailored Physical activity Print (HIPP) intervention for African American women in the Deep South.
Methods:
A pilot randomized trial of the HIPP intervention (N = 43) versus wellness contact control (N = 41) was conducted. Recruitment, retention, and adherence were examined, along with physical activity (7-d physical activity recalls, accelerometers) and related psychosocial variables at baseline and 6 months.
Results:
The sample included 84 overweight/obese African American women 50-69 yr old in Birmingham, AL. Retention was high at 6 months (90%). Most participants reported being satisfied with the HIPP program and finding it helpful (91.67%). There were no significant between-group differences in physical activity (P = 0.22); however, HIPP participants reported larger increases (mean of +73.9 min·wk (SD 90.9)) in moderate-intensity or greater physical activity from baseline to 6 months compared with the control group (+41.5 min·wk (64.4)). The HIPP group also reported significantly greater improvements in physical activity goal setting (P = 0.02) and enjoyment (P = 0.04) from baseline to 6 months compared with the control group. There were no other significant between-group differences (6-min walk test, weight, physical activity planning, behavioral processes, stage of change); however, trends in the data for cognitive processes, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and family support for physical activity indicated small improvements for HIPP participants (P > 0.05) and declines for control participants. Significant decreases in decisional balance (P = 0.01) and friend support (P = 0.03) from baseline to 6 months were observed in the control arm and not the intervention arm.
Conclusions:
The HIPP intervention has great potential as a low-cost, high-reach method for reducing physical activity-related health disparities. The lack of improvement in some domains may indicate that additional resources are needed to help this target population reach national guidelines.
