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Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Neuronavigation and Laparoscopy Guided Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Insertion for the Treatment of Hydrocephalus
Published on: October 14, 2022
The Evolution of Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts: Advances in Technology and Technique
1Department of Neurological Surgery, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Abstract:
Over the past few centuries, there have been many advances in shunt technology, from the evolution of shunt tubing materials, to advances in valves for regulating the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Additional medical advances have enabled the antibiotic impregnation of catheters. Finally, advances in technology have expanded the options for minimally invasive techniques and improved the management of complicated cases of hydrocephalus. The evolution of technology and technique in the management of hydrocephalus with CSF shunts will be discussed here.
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