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Nanopipettes: probes for local sample analysis.

Anumita Saha-Shah1, Anna E Weber1, Jonathan A Karty1

  • 1Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , IN 47405 , USA .

Chemical Science
|July 15, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nanopipettes, precise tools for handling tiny fluid volumes, were used to sample from cells and larvae. This technology enables detailed analysis of biological samples, including mouse brain tissue, with high spatial resolution.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Accurate sampling of minute fluid volumes is crucial for biological and chemical analyses.
  • Traditional methods face challenges in handling nanoliter volumes and achieving high spatial resolution.
  • Understanding fluid behavior in confined spaces is key to developing advanced sampling tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore nanopipettes as pressure-driven tools for nanoliter fluid sampling.
  • To investigate the fundamental fluid dynamics within nanopipette channels for optimization.
  • To demonstrate the application of nanopipettes for analyzing biological samples and tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized nanopipettes with diameters less than 1 μm for fluid manipulation.
  • Collected nanoliter (<10 nL) volumes from single *Allium cepa* cells and *Drosophila melanogaster* larvae.
  • Employed matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) for sample characterization.
  • Applied nanopipettes for surface sampling of mouse brain tissue sections, achieving 50 μm spatial resolution for lipid analysis.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated nanoliter fluid sampling from diverse biological sources.
  • Optimized nanopipette geometry and sampling parameters for efficient collection.
  • Characterized collected samples using MALDI-MS, revealing detailed molecular information.
  • Achieved high spatial resolution lipid analysis in mouse brain tissue, highlighting sample heterogeneity.

Conclusions:

  • Nanopipettes are versatile tools for precise nanoliter fluid sampling.
  • The technology enables detailed analysis of biological samples with high spatial resolution.
  • Nanopipettes show significant potential for future applications in sample heterogeneity and population studies across various fields.