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Related Concept Videos

Vision01:24

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Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
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Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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The importance of vision.

Timothy D Henry1, Christopher R Henry2

  • 1Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California.

Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions : Official Journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions
|July 15, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Interventional cardiologists and cardiac cath lab staff face a higher risk of posterior lens opacity due to radiation exposure. Implementing radiation dose management and lead shielding is crucial to mitigate these risks.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Ophthalmology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of 8 studies, including 2,559 subjects, investigated the association between occupational radiation exposure and posterior lens opacity.
  • The study focused on personnel working in cardiac catheterization (cath) labs, a setting with known radiation risks.

Discussion:

  • Personnel in interventional cardiology and cardiac cath labs demonstrated a significantly elevated relative risk of developing posterior lens opacity compared to control groups.
  • The findings underscore the occupational hazards associated with cumulative radiation exposure in these high-risk medical environments.
  • The relative risk was notably higher for interventional cardiologists (3.21) than for other cardiac cath lab staff (2.76).

Key Insights:

  • Occupational radiation exposure in cardiac cath labs significantly increases the risk of posterior lens opacity.
  • Both interventional cardiologists and cath lab staff are identified as high-risk groups.
  • The quantitative risk assessment highlights the need for enhanced protective measures.

Outlook:

  • There is a critical need for improved data to accurately quantify radiation-related risks in cath labs.
  • Development of innovative strategies and technologies is essential to further reduce radiation exposure for staff.
  • Adherence to "best practice" radiation dose management and lead shielding, following the "As Low As Reasonably Achievable" (ALARA) principle, is paramount.