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Comparison of Endothelial Function in Healthy Patients and Patients With Chronic Periodontitis and Myocardial
Anahita Punj1, Santhosh B Shenoy1, K Subramanyam2
1Department of Periodontology, A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE University, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
Background:
The inflammatory burden as a result of severe periodontal disease acts as an insult to the endothelium. This disruption in the function of the endothelium predisposes it toward formation of atherosclerotic plaque, which may be a subsequent risk for coronary artery disease. The aim of this study is to estimate and compare endothelial function via flow-mediated dilation (FMD) assessment in periodontal health and disease.
Methods:
A total of 120 patients were selected and categorized equally into three groups: 1) healthy (control); 2) chronic periodontitis (CP); and 3) myocardial infarction (MI). Periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) and FMD were assessed in all patients. Fasting blood samples were collected to estimate lipid profile. Analysis of variance was used for comparison of lipid profile, whereas Kruskal-Wallis test was used for comparison of FMD and PISA scores among the study groups with P <0.05.
Results:
Comparison of FMD levels among the three groups showed statistically significant difference, with P <0.001. The value was statistically significant when the healthy group was compared with the CP and MI groups but not when the CP group was compared with the MI group. Lipid profile levels were statistically significant on comparison between the healthy and CP groups and between the CP and MI groups.
Conclusion:
Endothelial function was impaired in patients with CP compared with healthy patients, and the dysfunction observed was similar to that observed in the MI group based on FMD values.
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